While proactive preventive maintenance for bituminous and concrete pavements is intuitively known to be more cost-effective than a worst-first maintenance approach, limited research has quantified its actual economic benefits. This project analyzed historical road condition data to quantify the effectiveness of preventive maintenance and provide evidence to support future decisions about maintenance strategies and budget allocations. Results indicate that comprehensive implementation on bituminous pavements could generate $2.4 billion to $2.5 billion in present value cost savings over 20 years and $20 million to $68 million in present value cost savings over 20 years for concrete pavements.